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With that in mind, we wanted this special issue on “Porn and its Uses” to wrestle with critiques, both institutional and popular, that had questioned and challenged pornography on the grounds of its use value or as “pointless” deliberation while at the same time meditating on our own sense of porn’s usefulness as an object of study. Ideas, sensibilities, and political perspectives even as it represents a point of departure from more traditional objects of study. Through our discussions, which were originally occasioned by the Society for Cinema and Media Studies’ Adult Film History Scholarly Interest Group where the three of us met, it became evident to us that adult media allows for a confluence of different The three co-editors of this issue all study porn from radically different perspectives: Darshana researches transnational porn cultures with a specific focus on South Asia, Nikola employs a queer historicist approach to adult media within a larger discourse on urban masculinities, and Rebecca studies the cultures and technologies of digital pornography. Porn scholars routinely attend conferences where fellow attendees are embarrassed by their topics, and stories abound of young scholars who are advised to repackage their work in order to be taken more seriously or seem more “hireable.” In other words, assumptions exist that pornography studies are either too limited in scope or too contentious for the academy. The growth and solidification of porn studies notwithstanding, the field maintains a marginal status in academia. The growth of the discipline has been supported through debates and disagreements that allow for teasing out radical ethics and politics which, in turn, enable certain reading practices and representational schemas to persist. Our focus on women’s understanding and experiences of the app gives essential insights into how technological design challenges, to some extent, the existing gendered patterns while also creating tensions between such challenges and women’s internalized gendered behaviors and expectations.Īs a proliferating subfield of sexuality studies, porn studies has become a larger framework to understand sexually explicit media. Contributing further to feminist media scholarship, we critique Bumble’s advertising as articulating a post-feminist sensibility and expose the limits of the transformations such a sensibility claims to herald. Bumble provided a safe space to subvert gendered expectations, gain confidence to initiate conversations and appreciate the societal expectations often put on men. Drawing on focus groups with predominantly white, university-educated women who have used Bumble, this article articulates the challenges to gender norms during app use. One popular app, Bumble, claims to be “shifting old-fashioned power dynamics” by requiring women to “go first” in conversations with “matched” men. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)ĭigital dating apps have impacted contemporary intimacy. Individuals in this community also discussed feelings of violence and hatred directed at women and themselves. However, they also looked down on other men who do not conform to these same masculine standards. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) Public Significance Statement: Posters on a Reddit forum dedicated to the involuntarily celibate (“Incel”) community used the language of social justice to claim that they do not have access to traditional masculine status. This research provides insight into the ways that masculinities develop in online contexts.
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Incels also showed negative outcomes associated with these masculinities, as evidenced by posts reporting violent hatred of both themselves and women.
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Incels performed a specific version of hybrid masculinity in which they claim lower status than women while also calling other men weak and powerless using comparisons to women. We performed a content analysis of a sample of 400 top-rated posts from the Incel forum on Reddit called r/Braincels. The Incels are a self-proclaimed group of beta males who claim a position at the bottom of the social hierarchy due to their continued romantic and sexual rejection by women. In this article, we analyze the Incel community through a lens of hybrid masculinities, as originally proposed by Ging. Men who perform hybrid masculinities claim distance from masculine hegemony while actually reproducing patriarchal power.